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KMID : 0377619620030010051
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1962 Volume.3 No. 1 p.51 ~ p.56
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Effects of Furacin (5-Nitrofuraldehyde Semicarbazone) on the Parenchymal Organs of Rabbit
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金相炫/Kim, S.H.
咸毅根/金春澤/朴英植/崔丙昊/Ham, E.K./Kim, C.T./Park, Y.S./Choi, B.H.
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Abstract
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Since the discovery of the effectiveness of the Nitrofuran derivatives on certain microorganisms, there have been many investigations on their utilization in the clinical medicine as we 1 as in the fields of industry Over hundred varieties of these derivatives have been put out among which furacin is claimed to be the most effective but the least toxic.
Clinically these compounds are alleged to be effective in the treatment of diarrhea gastrointestinal upsets and urinary tract infections. Although there have been very few well-controlled studies on their effectiveness, nevertheless, they have become quite popular compounds for the combat of various infections. On the other hand, however, there have been reported evidences of various side effects of these compounds such-as allergic reactions and hemolytic anemia etc. Antiputrefactive action of these derivatives prompted their usage in canning and food industry.
Since these nitro furan derivatives are both relatively new and potentially toxic and there exists a possibility of public health, problem when administered in the food, it was decided to identify the various effects of different dosage-of furacin on the parenchymal organs of an experimental animal.
Materials and Methods;
Healthy albino rabbits weighing from 1,650 grams to 1,800 grams were used. The animals were divided into 4 groups. The first group was fed 1.0mg.Per kg. body weight of furacin emulsified in gum arabic. This dosage is equivalent to the amount ordinarily added in the food as antiputrefactive dose. The second group of animals were fed 5.0mg.per kg. body weight of furacin. This is equivalent to a therapeutic dosage used in clinical medicine. Above two groups of animals received the same dose daily for one month via stomach tube. The third group of animal were fed 100mg. per kg. body weight of furacin. Two each of this group received the furacin for the period of 1, 3, 7, 15, and 28 days respectively. The fourth group of animals constituted the control group that were fed only gum arabic via stomach tube for one month.
Autopsy was done on each animal. Gross changes of the various organs were recorded carefully and the tissues were fixed immediately into 10? neutral formalin and in Zenker´s fluid. Paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were examined microscopically.
Result And Conclusion;
As expected, the first two groups of animals showed little or no change that were attributable to the administration of furacin. This as also true in the control animals. The third group, that received a large dose of furacin showed demonstrable changes in the kidneys and liver and in the testis and adrenals. The changes in the kidneys were characterized by degeneration and disorganization of the tubules and their epithelial cells in the medullary zone. At first there appears a precipitation of amorphous proteinous material between the tubules then there appears the hydropic degeneration and fragmentation of epithelium with accumulation of protein casts in the lumen. The degenerative features become more prominent as the days of administration added then there occurs within the lumen many red cell casts.
The changes in the liver are more subtle. Slight to moderate swelling of the hepatic cells was the characteristic change. Although there were large areas of necrosis accompanied by granulomatous reaction, these were probably due to infestation of parasites in this organ. However, the changes were most profound only in this group of animals. Perhaps the degenerative features of the liver cells might have been responsible for the exaggerated reaction. A marked atrophy of seminiferous tubles of the animals in this group was also noted.
From the data obtained above, it is concluded that there is no detectable pathological changes in the parenchymal organs of rabbit when furacin was given orally in the dose ordinarily added into the food or in the therapeutic dose. When larger dose are given there occurs degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium of the kidney and to liver cells and to cells of testis.
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